The DINAMIC project investigates the interplay between diet, the gut microbiota, and the host in the context of cardiometabolic health. Using state-of-the-art prospective human cohorts, microbiota profiling allows the consortium to identify specific features associated with disease states. Clinical trials based on dietary interventions and fecal microbiota transplantation were designed and are being performed to test causal roles and targeted manipulations of the microbiome under controlled conditions. Mechanistic interactions within the microbiome are further investigated in vitro using continuous culture systems. Meta-omics technologies are employed, aiming at the harmonization or results and the establishment of models towards prediction of detrimental and favourable gut environments with respect to cardiometabolic health. Hence, the expected impact of DINAMIC is to bring light into diet-microbiome interactions for improvement of metabolic conditions, which will contribute to the establishment of appropriate dietary recommendations.

- Arrhythmic gut microbiome signatures predict risk of Type 2 diabetes in population studies.

- Heritable components of the human fecal microbiome are associated with visceral fat.

- Breastmilk-promoted bifidobacteria produce aromatic lactic acids in the infant gut.

- Mediterranean diet intervention in overweight and obese subjects lowers plasma cholesterol and causes changes in the gut microbiome and metabolome independently of energy intake.

- A Mediterranean diet intervention reduces the levels of salivary periodontopathogenic bacteria in overweight and obese subjects.

- Red wine consumption is associated with increased gut microbiota α-diversity in three independent cohorts.

- Improvement of insulin sensitivity after lean donor feces in metabolic syndrome is driven by baseline intestinal microbiota composition.

- Combining a mediterrean diet with lean donor fecal transplantation (FMT) has no synergistic effect on glucose metabolism. Beneficial effects of the mediterreanean diet on the gut microbiota (e.g. increase in diversity) may prohibit engraftment of donor bacterial strains.

- The use of reference communities in amplicon sequencing studies allows to avoid the analysis of artefact sequences.